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During this Unit
This unit focuses on the effects of electromagnetism and its applications in electrical circuits. Students explore forces caused by moving magnets and electrically charged objects. Students calculate the current, resistance, and voltage in various circuits in order to evaluate the transfer of electrical energy.
Misconceptions:
Students may think current is used up by objects like light bulbs in a circuit, rather than understanding the conservation of energy in a closed system.
Students may think current only flows from a battery (or other source of electricity) to a light bulb (or other items that consumes electricity), rather than current flowing through the object to make a complete circuit.
Students may think electricity is produced in the wall socket, rather than electricity being generated elsewhere and delivered via power lines and wires.
Key Content Vocabulary:
Ampere (amp) – unit of measurement for electric current
Circuit – a closed conducting circle or loop through which current can flow
Conductor – a substance or object that allows electricity to flow through it with low resistance
Current – the flow of electrons through a conductor
Electromagnet – an iron or steel core that is magnetized by electric current in a coil that surrounds it
Insulator – a substance or object that does not conduct electricity
Ohm – unit of electrical resistance
Ohm’s law – an equation that describes the relationship between current, voltage, and resistance in an electrical circuit; I=V/R
Parallel circuit – an electrical circuit in which electric current has multiple paths through which it can flow
Resistance – measure of how much a material opposes the flow of electric current; measured in ohms; R=V/I
Resistor – a material or object that is designed offer a desired amount of resistance to the flow of electrical current
Schematic – a diagram of an electrical circuit
Series circuit – an electrical circuit in which electric current has only one path through which it can flow
Volt – unit of measure for the difference of potential that would drive one ampere of current against one ohm resistance
Voltage – potential difference between positively-charged and negatively charged terminals of a battery, or between any two given points in a circuit; measured in volts; V=IR
Related Vocabulary:
Ammeter
Bar magnet
Compass
Electric field
Magnetic field
Poles
Power source
Switch
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